Profit and Loss

JCERT · Class 7 · Chapter 9 · Profit and Loss. Topic notes aligned to the official chapter; these are not solutions to every textbook exercise.

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Why This Chapter Matters

JCERT · Class 7 · Chapter 9 · Profit and Loss. Topic notes aligned to the official chapter; these are not solutions to every textbook exercise.

Before You Begin (Prerequisites)

Revise relevant arithmetic and ideas from the previous grade.

What You Will Learn (Core Objectives)

Cost price is the purchase price; selling price is the sale price. A sale above cost gives profit and a sale below cost gives loss. Profit and loss percentages use cost price as the base.

Chapter Roadmap & Progression

1 Syllabus, textbook and notes alignm...

2 Concept and method

3 Check and common pitfall

Complete Concept Guide (100% Curriculum Coverage)

Syllabus, textbook and notes alignment

JCERT · Regular schools (Non-SOE) · Class 7 · Chapter 9 — Profit and Loss
Official syllabus pages 129–135. Official syllabus · Prescribed Hindi book (22 chapters) · Separate supplementary reference.

These topic notes and teaching examples are not a complete answer key to every textbook question. English notes use this same JCERT chapter order; a matching English textbook PDF has not been verified.

Source issue: this chapter’s original DIKSHA PDF is damaged. The collection and a separate reference book are available; reference pagination and questions must not be treated as identical to the prescribed chapter.

Concept and method

Cost price is the purchase price; selling price is the sale price. A sale above cost gives profit and a sale below cost gives loss. Profit and loss percentages use cost price as the base.

Check and common pitfall

The percentage denominator is ₹500, not ₹575.

Key Formulas, Identities & Theorems

Key relationships

Profit = SP − CP; loss = CP − SP; profit/loss % = (profit/loss ÷ CP) × 100

Observe the stated conditions and units.

Conceptual Solved Examples & Case Studies

Example 1

An item costing ₹500 sells for ₹575. Find the profit percentage.

Step-by-Step Solution:

575 − 500 = ₹75; (75/500) × 100 = 15%

The percentage denominator is ₹500, not ₹575.

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